Responsible Use of AI in Peer Review Explained

Introduction

Artificial intelligence is increasingly being integrated into editorial and peer review workflows. From reviewer selection to plagiarism detection, AI promises efficiency—but also raises ethical and practical concerns.

This article explores how AI is used in peer review, where its limits lie, and what responsible use looks like for journals, reviewers, and authors.

How AI Is Used in Peer Review

AI tools assist with:

• Initial manuscript screening
• Scope and language checks
• Reviewer matching
• Ethical compliance detection

AI supports decisions but does not replace human judgment.

Benefits of AI in Peer Review

Potential advantages include:

• Faster editorial processing
• Reduced reviewer workload
• Improved consistency in screening

When used carefully, AI enhances efficiency.

Risks and Ethical Concerns

Key risks include:

• Algorithmic bias
• Over‑reliance on automation
• Lack of transparency

Unchecked AI use can undermine fairness.

Boundaries Journals Must Respect

Responsible use requires:

• Human oversight
• Clear disclosure
• Limited decision authority for AI

What Authors and Reviewers Should Know

Researchers should:

• Understand AI screening processes
• Avoid assuming AI decisions are final
• Expect transparency from journals

Conclusion

AI can support peer review, but responsibility and transparency are essential. Human expertise must remain central to evaluating research quality.